Challenges and opportunities with providing genetic testing and counseling for mucopolysaccharidosis type II in Kenya
- Published on 05/01/2026
- Reading time: 7 min.
Mungai Lucy N. Wainaina 1, Njeru Charles 1, Njoroge Allan 2, Maina Michuki 3, Ilovi Syokau 4, Nduati Ruth W. 1, Wamalwa Dalton 1, Odongkara Beatrice 5, Miller Danny E. 6,7,8
1 https://ror.org/02y9nww90 Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
2 https://ror.org/03rppv730 Department of Pathology Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi Kenya
3 https://ror.org/04r1cxt79 KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme Nairobi Kenya
4 https://ror.org/02y9nww90 Department of Internal Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
5 https://ror.org/042vepq05 Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Gulu University Gulu Uganda
6 https://ror.org/01njes783 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle WA USA
7 https://ror.org/00cvxb145 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle WA USA
8 https://ror.org/00cvxb145 Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA
Abstract
Background Limited or absent genetic counseling and testing resources in low- and medium-income countries lead to missed or late diagnoses for treatable metabolic conditions with irreversible complications. In some communities, misunderstanding about the etiology of a genetic condition may lead women whose children are affected to be viewed as a bad omen and become stigmatized or ostracized from their community. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), or Hunter syndrome,...
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