Cognitive and emotional effects of bilateral prefrontal anodal tDCS and high-frequency tRNS in schizophrenia: a randomized sham-controlled study

  • Published on 03/03/2026
  •  Reading time: 7 min.

Jafari Eisa 1, Moghadamzadeh Ali 2, Vaziri Zahra 3,4, Atadokht Akbar 5, Fathi Jouzdani Ali 6, Cohen Kadosh Roi 7, Nitsche Michael A. 8,9, Blumberger Daniel M. 10,11, Salehinejad Mohammad Ali 4

1 https://ror.org/031699d98 Department of Psychology Payame Noor University Tehran Iran
2 https://ror.org/05vf56z40 Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology University of Tehran Tehran Iran
3 https://ror.org/036rp1748 Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
4 https://ror.org/04xfq0f34 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
5 https://ror.org/045zrcm98 Department of Psychology University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
6 https://ror.org/04xreqs31 School of Cognitive Sciences Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran
7 https://ror.org/00ks66431 School of Psychology University of Surrey Guildford UK
8 https://ror.org/05cj29x94 Department of Psychology and Neurosciences Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors Dortmund Germany
9 https://ror.org/02hpadn98 Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bielefeld Germany
10 https://ror.org/03dbr7087 Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
11 https://ror.org/03dbr7087 Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada

Abstract

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia significantly hinder functional outcomes and often remain unresponsive to conventional treatments. While initial evidence suggested potential pro-cognitive effects of electrical brain stimulation in schizophrenia, recent meta-analyses have not supported these findings, warranting further investigation on intervention optimization. This sham-controlled crossover study explored cognitive and emotional effects of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal...

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