
This study evaluated two novel combination therapies using 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Thymoquinone (TQ), and cockle shell – derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO NPs) against HT-29 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells under hyperglycemic conditions. 5-FU and TQ were successfully encapsulated into...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide, posing a major public health threat [1, 2]. According to the 2022 global cancer statistics CRC was the third most frequent cancer with 1,926,118 new cases, ranking as the second cancer in mortality with 903,859 deaths [1]. Colorectal...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most deadly cancer worldwide [1]. In China, colorectal cancer ranks as the fourth most common malignancy and accounted for approximately 240,000 deaths in 2022 [2]. In recent years, systemic chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide [1]. Although the prognosis of patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) is generally poor, recent developments in novel chemotherapeutic agents have increased the overall survival of patients to approximately 30 months [2]. In line with...