
Migraine and tension type headache (TTH) are common and concerning headache disorders. Globally, TTH is more prevalent than migraine with prevalence of 26% [1, 2], however in the Middle East region and according to the Head-MENAA study 2023 migraine without aura was the commonest primary headache (36.8%)...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder with a high recurrence risk globally, and has an adverse impact on the mental health and quality of life of patients [1, 2]. The prevalence of MDD in women is twice that in men [3]. MDD is characterized by psychological distress,...

Migraine is a prevalent and debilitating neurological disorder that poses challenges not only in its management but also in its prevention [1]. While acute treatment options aim to alleviate symptoms during migraine attacks, prophylactic treatment plays a crucial role in reducing the frequency, severity,...

Vestibular migraine causes recurrent vertigo attacks that significantly impact quality of life. While various preventive medications are used, their comparative effectiveness was unknown. We analyzed all available clinical trials comparing preventive treatments using network meta-analysis methods that...

Migraine is a complex neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe headache, often accompanied by sensory hypersensitivity, nausea, and autonomic dysfunction [1]. Globally, it affects an estimated 1.1 billion individuals [2]. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,...