
More than one-third of cancer cases in India are attributed to oral, breast, and cervical cancers [1, 2]. In India, breast and cervical cancers together account for nearly 39% of all cancers among women [3]. According to GLOBOCAN 2020 data, India reported an estimated 178,361 new cases and 90,408 deaths...

Early gastric cardia cancer is defined as cancerous lesions confined to the mucosa or submucosa, regardless of lymph node metastasis [1, 2]. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a key treatment due to the minimal invasiveness and rapid recovery [3, 4]. However, some patients still experience...

The number of cancer survivors in Germany has been steadily increasing, due to advancements in treatment options and early detection [1]. In 2017 [2], there were 4.65 million cancer survivors, with approximately two-thirds being long-term survivors who have remained cancer-free for the last five years...

The treatment of cancer in children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) has advanced in recent decades, improving five-year survival rates to over 80% in many European and North American countries [1]. However, survivors may face various long-term complications, including severe or potentially life-threatening...

Immunotherapy, especially PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, has been widely used in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Single immunotherapy is mostly applied to patients with high PD-L1 expression. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy is the standard of care for NSCLC...