Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is one of diabetes neuropathies, which represents the most prevalent, underdiagnosed and undertreated diabetes complication [1]. CAN is a degenerative condition that affects 16.7-34.3% patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), with a multifactorial pathogenesis,...
Moderate to severe neuropathic pain (NP) has a prevalence of 5,1% in the general population [1]. Independently of pain intensity and duration, patients with NP report a huge impairment of quality of life and anxiety/depression scores, significantly higher than patients without pain or than patients suffering...
Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a leading cause of sudden vision loss, primarily affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. Its hallmark features are an acute unilateral painless onset of visual impairment, relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and hyperemic optic disc...
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most frequent long-term microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM) encompassing a wide spectrum of clinical and subclinical symptoms that are linked to loss of peripheral nerve fibers [1]. It is one of the most challenging diabetes complications to...
Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition caused by nerve injury or disease, characterized by hyperexcitability in somatosensory nociceptive circuits that severely affects quality of life [1, 2]. Despite extensive research, effective treatments for this debilitating condition remain limited in clinical...