
Breast cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor among women worldwide, accounting for 11.6% of new cases annually [1]. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is a significant factor influencing the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. It is a crucial gene target for breast cancer treatment...

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) shows a markedly higher incidence in endemic regions––especially China and Southeast Asia––but remains relatively rare in Western populations [1, 2]. Its global incidence and mortality are projected to increase substantially by 2040, particularly...

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system worldwide, with more than 600,000 new cases and over 200,000 deaths annually. Its incidence and mortality rates rank 10th and 13th among all malignant tumors, respectively [1, 2]. Pathologically, bladder cancer is primarily classified into...

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women [1]. The mainstay of treatment is surgery with adjuvant therapy including chemo, hormonal and radiotherapy. The aims of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) include de-escalating surgery and potentially achieving pathological complete...