
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common gynecologic malignancy in China, with an increasing incidence [1]. Contemporary treatment strategies increasingly emphasize personalized care. The 2021 joint guidelines from the European Society of Gynecological Oncology (ESGO), the European Society for...

Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces (LCCA) is a relatively uncommon form of lung malignancy. The Fleischner Society initially defined lung cystic airspace in 1996 as an enlarged peripheral air-containing unit surrounded by a variable thickness wall [1]. In the early stages, cystic airspaces...

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among women worldwide, with its incidence continuing to rise steadily [1]. The high degree of heterogeneity in breast cancer presents significant challenges for effective treatment [2]. Therefore, in order to alleviate the substantial disease...

Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, characterized by variations in clinical outcomes and response to treatment. To significantly reduce mortality, it is crucial to adopt personalized management strategies that require precise patient stratification based on clinical, histopathological,...