
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy worldwide, with a continuously rising incidence, particularly in younger populations under 50 years of age [1]. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) denotes the pathological process whereby malignant tumor cells infiltrate into blood vessels and/or lymphatic...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is generally associated with a favorable prognosis. However, a subset of patients experiences recurrence, leading to clinical challenges and the need for more intensive management [1, 2–3]. Accurate identification of patients at high risk of recurrence is clinically...

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for approximately one-sixth of all deaths [1]. In 2022, there were an estimated 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths globally. By 2050, the global cancer incidence is projected to exceed 35 million cases,...

PDAC, representing approximately 85% of pancreatic malignancies, ranks among the most lethal solid tumors with a 5-year survival rate below 10%. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for this disease [1, 2, 3–4]. Although surgical resection remains the sole curative option, over 80%...