
The liver serves as the link between metabolic homeostasis and digestive function, and is an extremely important organ in human physiology. Its critical role is profoundly challenged by hepatic malignancies, which constitute a major source of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally, posing a...

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly malignant liver tumor with a poor prognosis, which originates from the epithelial cells of the intrahepatic bile ducts [1, 2]. Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) is the most common subtype of ICC, accounting for approximately 65% of cases....

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths [1]. Approximately 25–30% of CRC patients develop liver metastases, significantly worsening their prognosis [2, 3]. Recent advancements in targeted therapies and...

Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the first-line treatment for malignant distal biliary obstruction, when ERCP cannot be successful, endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous and endoscopic ultrasound-guided antegrade stenting can be performed as salvage [1, 2, 3–4]....