Idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a non-traumatic, aseptic ischemic necrosis that occurs in the femoral head. In Japan, the annual incidence of ONFH is estimated at 17 cases per 100,000 population [1]. The condition is most commonly diagnosed in men in their 40s and women in their...
The gallbladder functions as a storage and concentration organ for bile, a substance produced by the liver that aids in fat digestion and absorption. Gallstones, solidified formations of bile, develop from imbalances in bile composition. These imbalances often result from diet, hormones, medications,...
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a crucial procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic diseases [1]. However, in patients with a history of Billroth II gastrectomy, anatomical alterations can pose significant challenges, affecting both afferent limb intubation...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant challenge in global public health. In 2023, the number of newly diagnosed TB cases reported globally reached a new high, with China ranking third [1]. Factors such as HIV/AIDS, drug abuse, and the use of immunosuppressants have led to an increasing incidence rate,...