
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease and a major cause of pain and disability worldwide, with the knee joint being the most commonly affected area [1, 2]. Despite its high prevalence and socioeconomic burden, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying knee osteoarthritis (KOA)...

The branch of the infraorbital nerve, which is called the anterior superior alveolar nerve, as well as its accompanying vessels, pass through the “canalis sinuosus (CS)” and the term was derived from the shape of the canal, due to its double-curved course [1]. The anterior superior alveolar...

This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and x-ray in detecting upper extremity fractures in children, focusing on sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic performance. Particular attention was given to distal forearm fractures, the most common fracture...

Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK US) is a valuable imaging modality for evaluating superficial structures such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joint and Doppler techniques play a key role in the detection and assessment of tissue vascularization, particularly in inflammatory, traumatic, and degenerative...

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is shaped like a footprint and is twice as strong as the anterior cruciate ligament. It starts at the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle and ends at the posterior part of the intercondylar ridge of the tibia, about 10 mm below the slope of the tibial...