Contemporary psychiatry straddles being a branch of medicine, a scientific discipline, a social‐political movement and a healthcare practice that relies heavily on practitioners' insights and experience. This compound identity stems from the need to address conditions whose correspondingly complex...
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5), mania is a mood disorder characterized by an abnormal and persistent elevation in mood, energy, or activity, all constituting a break with the usual and previous psychological state. We frequently find a reduction...
Bipolar disorder is a severe, highly heritable mental illness characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania over the course of a lifetime [1]. Genetic studies have demonstrated that the lifetime risk of developing bipolar disorder for first-degree relatives of affected individuals is 8.7%...
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates (Biazus et al. 2023). According to the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition), rapid cycling (RC) is a specific manifestation...