
Shared clinical features and genetic factors in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) have led to the hypothesis of common pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate aberrant transdiagnostic structural covariance patterns across these disorders...

Sleep disturbances are prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) patients, and the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock) gene plays a significant role in this process. The role of microglia (the brain-resident immune cells) in mediating this process remains uncertain. In this study, our findings showed...

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ), particularly amotivation, are prominent across both SCZ and bipolar disorder (BD). While orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) alterations have been implicated in the development of negative symptoms, their contributions across disorders remain to be established. Here,...

Lithium is one of the most commonly used treatments for bipolar disorder, known for its effectiveness in stabilizing mood, preventing both manic and depressive episodes, and reducing the risk of suicide (Tondo and Baldessarini 2018). Despite its clinical efficacy, lithium treatment can cause significant...

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a widely accepted standard surgical procedure for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) accompanied by bladder outlet obstruction. This procedure requires a large volume of fluid for continuous intraoperative bladder irrigation to ensure clear...