
Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy and leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally, with the World Health Organization (WHO) underscoring early detection as a critical determinant for improving prognostic outcomes and survival rates [1]. The histological examination...

With 2.3 million new cases occurring in 2020, breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide [1], and rational treatment can help reduce recurrence and improve prognosis [2]. With the development of molecular techniques, breast cancer has been shown to be a highly heterogeneous tumor [3], which poses...

The AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development, survival, and proliferation of tumor cells [1]. As a central component of the AKT/mTOR/PI3K pathway, AKT serves as an essential mediator that transmits signals...

Preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected or confirmed lung cancer consists of clinical and radiological staging. Malignant pleural effusion is a poor prognosticator in non-small-cell lung cancer. Pleural ultrasound (PU) allows for the assessment of pleural effusion, providing real-time guidance...

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women [1]. In 2020, approximately 685,000 people worldwide died from breast cancer [2]. In China, breast cancer accounts for about 10% of various malignant tumors, and the growth rate is increasing year by year, and the age of onset of patients...