
The AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development, survival, and proliferation of tumor cells [1]. As a central component of the AKT/mTOR/PI3K pathway, AKT serves as an essential mediator that transmits signals...

Preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected or confirmed lung cancer consists of clinical and radiological staging. Malignant pleural effusion is a poor prognosticator in non-small-cell lung cancer. Pleural ultrasound (PU) allows for the assessment of pleural effusion, providing real-time guidance...

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women [1]. In 2020, approximately 685,000 people worldwide died from breast cancer [2]. In China, breast cancer accounts for about 10% of various malignant tumors, and the growth rate is increasing year by year, and the age of onset of patients...

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common tumor with third mortality in the world. In recent decades, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer have declined. However, due to the population growth in areas with high incidence and the improvement of diagnosis level in relevant areas, the prevalence...