
The “dopamine hypothesis” is one of the leading pathoetiologic theories of schizophrenia and has undergone significant evolution since its inception1, 2–3. The classical hypothesis was originally proposed in the mid-20th century following the discovery of antipsychotic drugs dopamine...

Schizophrenia has been conceptualised as non-affective psychosis since the first Kraepelinian dichotomous classification1,2, on which the international classifications of mental disorders have been based3. However, both manic and depressive symptoms appear to be intrinsic to schizophrenia4,5...

Mental disorders remain one of the top ten global burdens, and schizophrenia has one of the highest measured years lived with disability among all diseases, injuries, and risk factors [1]. Cognitive deficits have long been considered a core symptom of schizophrenia and are significant factors leading...

The concept of sensory integration (SI), defined by Dr. Jean Ayres in the 1970s, refers to the ability to receive, process, organize, and respond to stimuli from one’s body and environment by generating appropriate neurological and behavioral reactions [1]. Sensory integration underlies sensory...

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 1%. Symptom expression is highly heterogeneous, but core symptoms include disturbances in thought, perception, affect, and behavior that markedly interfere with education, social life, and career aspirations1. Early-onset...