
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a rare hematological tumor affecting B lymphocytes and is the second-most commonly diagnosed hematological malignancy in Europe [1]. In Italy, MM accounts for 1.5% of all diagnosed tumors, with an annual incidence of approximately 5,700 cases [2] and a median age at diagnosis...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematologic disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells, accounting for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies and 1% of all cancers [1]. Despite significant therapeutic progress in recent years, MM remains incurable and exhibits...

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a debilitating monogenic condition arising from homozygosity for the hemoglobin S (HbS) variant causing hemoglobin polymerization, rigid red blood cells (RBCs), and multi-organ damage [1]. The cornerstone of current treatment is hydroxyurea (HU), which primarily works by inducing...

For patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chemotherapy administration is an effective treatment strategy. However, a major concern associated with chemotherapy is the increased risk of immunosuppression, particularly from common bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal pathogens, as well as...

AML Classifications: WHO vs ICC 2022 Update The following is a summary of the article “Definitions of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and their clinical significance according to the WHO 2022 and ICC classification” by Donata Backhaus et al (University of Leipzig Medical Center, Germany), which...