Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by systemic disorders of bone mass content and microstructure [1]. The reduction of bone mass and density in osteoporosis patients increases the risk of osteoporotic fractures that lead to high mortality [2]. It is vital to prevent osteoporosis to alleviate...
Osteoporosis is an identifiable and treatable ailment, characterized by a decrease in bone density and mass, destruction of bone microstructure, and an increased vulnerability to fractures, making the body more prone to fractures [1, 2–3]. There are two main types of osteoporosis: primary and secondary...
Osteoporosis is a pervasive skeletal disorder marked by progressive bone mass reduction and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, leading to heightened bone fragility and an elevated fracture risk [1]. Osteoporotic fractures represent a critical sequela of osteoporosis. Individuals with osteoporosis,...
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and osteoporosis are both common musculoskeletal disorders in older adults worldwide. According to previous studies, the prevalence of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis among general population was 8.1%, while the prevalence of osteoporosis in individuals over 40 years old is...
Osteoporosis is characterized by bone tissue structural abnormalities and low bone mass (bone mineral density (BMD) T-score < − 2.5) leading to skeletal fragility and increased risk of fractures [1]. Osteoporosis can be primary, as seen in menopausal women and the elderly,...