Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents a significant and dire public health challenge, primarily affecting individuals who previously enjoyed a high quality of life [1]. The severity of TBI is typically categorized as mild, moderate, and severe, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8 on...
Prostate cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related new cases and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide in 2024 [1]. The number of incidences and fatalities is showing an upward trend, posing a severe threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly men. Androgen...
Psychotic disorders usually emerge in late adolescence and early adulthood and can be personally and socially devastating due to the potential for life-long disability1, 2–3. This has led to a worldwide effort to develop strategies for early identification, intervention, and prevention of psychosis4,...
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 125 million [1]. It is primarily caused by mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) gene [2], which disrupt the function of the tyrosine kinase...
Chronic knee pain resulting from degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) is recognized as a major cause of disability worldwide, particularly among adults over 40 years of age [1]. When conservative measures prove inadequate in managing advanced knee OA, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is often considered...