
In real-world management and research of kidney transplantation(KT), critical evidence has long evolved along two parallel tracks: structured longitudinal follow-up and text-defined rules. On the one hand, OPTN and SRTR collect Transplant Recipient Follow-up (TRF) at 6 months post transplant, at 1 year,...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a pivotal role as key modulators of immune tolerance in kidney transplantation, a critical therapeutic approach for end-stage renal disease. Despite advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens, kidney transplantation continues to face significant challenges,...

Autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH) is a rare abnormality of calcium homeostasis. It is usually associated with gain-of-function mutations in the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR, ADH1) or its associated G-protein (GNA11, autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia type 2 [ADH2]). The CaSR is expressed in several...

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the most common urogenital disorders [1, 2] and is characterized by a complex array of clinical manifestations, including lower urinary tract symptoms, chronic perineal and pelvic pain, and even sexual dysfunction [3]. These factors...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant (KT) recipients [1, 2]. Although the number of KTs performed annually has continued to rise, surpassing 27,000 in 2024 and totaling over 600,000 since 1988 [3], approximately 90,000 individuals remain...