
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is essential in oral cancer surgery to prevent surgical site infections, particularly when regional flaps such as the facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap are used. This study compared free cefuroxime concentrations in plasma, FAMM flap, buccal submucosa and subcutaneous...

Approximately 850 million people worldwide have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Over the past three decades, CKD incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years have increased significantly,1 primarily due to an ageing population, establishing CKD as a global healthcare burden. Renal transplantation...

The novel coronavirus, which first emerged in China in December 2019, spread rapidly around the world, posing a global threat to public health [1, 2]. The severity of the disease, its lethality, and its impact on vulnerable groups have frightened the entire world, bringing protective measures to the...

Against the backdrop of accelerating global population aging, the incidence of ESRD continues to rise.In China, this trend is particularly pronounced: the proportion of individuals aged ≥ 60 years rose from 7.54% in 1982 to 21.07% in 2023, and those aged ≥ 65 years increased from 4.91% to 15.38%...

Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is the primary treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), accounting for approximately 90% of all dialysis worldwide [1]. As of December 2022, the number of individuals undergoing dialysis in China had exceeded one million [2]. Although MHD effectively...