Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune systemic disorder characterized by persistent inflammation resulting in the destruction of synovium, bone, and cartilage [1]. Multiple external/internal factors, including epigenetic, genetic, and environmental factors, trigger heterogeneous pathogenicity during...
Obesity has emerged as a significant global health issue, with strong associations with a variety of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), and certain types of cancer [1, 2]. In recent years, the connection between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has garnered...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by joint synovial inflammation, leading to progressive and erosive damage to multiple organs [1]. The early symptoms of RA typically include joint redness, swelling, warmth, and pain, which can advance to the destruction...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune-mediated condition, characterised by persistent synovial inflammation (particularly of the hand and feet small joints, although any synovial joint can be affected). Raised inflammatory markers and autoantibodies (rheumatoid factor and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the entire body, primarily characterized by inflamed joints [1]. This condition can lead to significant disability in patients and a decrease in productivity, which adversely affects the economy. The financial burden is further exacerbated...